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Qingming Festival, also known as Outing Festival, Xingqing Festival, March Festival, Ancestor Worship Festival, etc., is held between April 4th and 6th every year. It is a festival for offering sacrifices, worshiping ancestors and sweeping tombs. The Qingming Festival originates from the ancestral beliefs and spring festival rituals in ancient times. It has both natural and humanistic connotations. It is not only a natural solar term, but also a traditional festival. Qingming Festival, Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival are also known as the four major traditional festivals in China.
It is said that the Qingming Festival began with the "tomb sacrifice" ceremony of ancient emperors and generals. It began around the Zhou Dynasty and has a history of more than 2,500 years. The Qingming Festival was originally just the name of a solar term, and it became a day to commemorate ancestors. The festival is related to the Cold Food Festival. Cold Food Festival and Qingming Festival are two different festivals. In the Tang Dynasty, the day of worshiping and sweeping tombs was designated as the Cold Food Festival. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the Qingming Festival gradually rose from being subordinate to the Cold Food Festival to replacing the Cold Food Festival. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the old system of the previous dynasties was generally inherited, and the custom of worshiping ancestors and mourning deceased relatives during the Qingming Festival was still prevalent. Influenced by Han culture, ethnic minorities in China also have the custom of celebrating the Tomb-Sweeping Festival. Although customs vary from place to place, the basic themes of the Tomb-Sweeping Festival are tomb-sweeping, ancestor worship, and outings. In addition, there are swings, Cuju, kite flying, and tree planting. There are many outdoor recreational activities such as playing games and tug-of-war, as well as food customs such as eating swallows, fermented cheese, and Qingtuan balls [94]. In addition to China, there are some countries and regions in the world that also celebrate Tomb-Sweeping Day, such as Vietnam, South Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, etc.
On May 20, 2006, the Tomb-Sweeping Festival declared by the Ministry of Culture of the People's Republic of China was approved by the State Council and included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists. In 2008, the Qingming Festival in Jiangyan City, Jiangsu Province was included in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage representative projects. In 2011, the Qingming Festival in Jiexiu City, Shanxi Province was included in the third batch of national intangible cultural heritage representative projects. During the Qingming Festival in 2024, we will have a holiday from April 4 to April 6, a total of 3 days.